Not consuming extra power is one reason, maybe related to which i think is the main reason to use pwm. Later we will take a look at the circuit diagram of dc motor speed control using microcontroller. By using pwm we can vary pulse duty cycle which in turn varies the speed of motor by interchanging output ports, it will effectively change direction of motor. Dc motor speed control using pic microcontroller pwm method. We needed of a speed regulator to control the motor of our cnc machine a small machine, for pcb.
Please refer the datasheet of your microcontroller jan says. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily control the speed of the dc motor. Before going further we need to discuss the hbridge. Using pwm pulse width modulation to control a device is a common practice in embedded systems. Phulambrikar, speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse width modulation module of pic microcontroller international journal of engineering research. To achieve the speed control an electronic technique called pulse width modulation is used which generates high and low pulses. Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller. The two pwm signals activate the two halves of the hbridge to control the direction of. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. Open your arduino software, copy and paste the source code given below in your software. Controlling dc motor using microcontroller pic16f72 with pwm. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering projects.
Dc motor speed controller using pulse width modulation duration. Pic microcontroller, pwm technique, ccp module, duty cycle, dc motor. How pwm relates to controller op signal to adjust the speed. As i told earlier pwm has wide application in electronics and robotics engineering. I already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. Mar 03, 2008 this video demostrate how to control the motor speed by pulse width modulation with the help of pic microcontroller.
Why is pwm used to control dc motor speed instead of using. Variable speed means either a 3phase ac motor, an ac servo motor, a dc servo motor, a stepper motor, or a universal motor with a triac i. Pic microcontroller based speed control of three phase induction motor using single phase supply conference paper pdf available february 20 with 11,007 reads how we measure reads. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering gokaraju rangaraju. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation. A variable resistor provides a voltage input to the pic which is converted to a digital value using the onboard analogue to digital convertor, this in turn is used to set the pwm duty cycle. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation. The optimization of dc motor uses requires speed control that can be done using pulse width modulation pwm 5.
Before you continue with this tutorial, you must read first. Hello friends here is a proteus simulation of speed control of dc motor with the help of pulse width modulation pwm control, pwm signals are generated by 8051 microcontroller. The controller presented here uses the pulsewidth modulation pwm technique. The pulsewidthmodulation pwm in microcontroller is used to control duty cycle of dc motor drive. A typical pulse width modulation diagram is show below with different duty cycles. Pwm is one of the compare functions of the pca, and ecomn enables the compare function. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily control the. Pwm is the best and easy way to control speed of dc motors. The microcontroller based speed control of dc motor using pwm technique has been introduced. Dc motor is connected to output terminals of l293d. First include header file with definitions for specific pic. This is our 11th tutorial of learning pic microcontrollers using mplab and xc8. The speed control of dc motor is control in all the four quadrant and it uses 8051 family microcontroller along with a motor driver ic to drive the motor. Block diagram the fig 4 describes the overall system design for the closed loop control of bldc motor.
Speed control of dc motor with pc interface is an easy diy project. Oct 29, 2018 pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit principle the heart of this project is the 8051 microcontroller. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage. The best method for speed control of dc motor is the use of pulse width modulation technique. En1 pin is connected to the 5v dc to drive the motor. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit principle the heart of this project is the 8051 microcontroller. Through this paper, it can be concluded that microcontroller pic 16f877a can control motor speed at desired speed although there is a variation. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm.
Pic pwm motor driver northwestern mechatronics wiki. Shinde krishnat arvind speed control of dc motor using pic. If you are using pwm to control the motor, the duty cycle of the pulse directly relates to the amount of. Pdf pic microcontroller based speed control of three phase. Bldc motor with hall sensors and speed closed loop, driven by etpu on mpc5554, rev. Bldc motor with hall sensors and speed closed loop, driven. Speed control of dc motor with microcontroller xc8. The ease of control and excellent performance of the dc motors will ensure that the. The mcu uses a pwm to control the period of the motor drivers and, thus set fan speed. Abstract this paper is intended to control speed of a dc motor using low cost pic16f877a microcontroller. The main advantage in using a dc motor is that the speed torque relationship can be varied to almost any useful form. Feedback from the hall sensor monitors actual fan rpm and indicate when. In our last pic online tutorial we have covered pwm generation using pic microcontroller.
Bldc motor with hall sensors and speed closed loop, driven by. May 19, 2017 i already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. Motor speed is controlled by changing the pwm duty cycle 16 bit register. Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051.
If you have worked with any variant of the 8051 microcontroller, you might remember that 8051 doesnt have a. So by this we can conclude the pwm can be used to vary the motor speed. Aug 06, 2014 doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. Speed control of a dc motor using microcontroller 8051 a project report submitted by s. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm. The main core of this project is to design a speed control system of dc motor by using microcontroller. Dc motor speed control using arduino uno circuitdigest. Now that the module is programmed as a pwm, a value must be loaded in the high byte of the compare register to select the duty cycle. A mechanism that can be used as a guideline in dc motor control is the longer the. When the width of pulse is high, the motor will rotate with full speed. The t89c51ac2 is an 8bit microcontroller based on the 8051 architecture. This switch array is used to send the control signals to the microcontroller. With a small microcontroller this job can be done quite easily.
Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering. The main circuit of the speed controller of bldc motor is shown in the figure 1. Speed control of dc motor using pulsewidth modulation. Its really not practical to significantly change the speed of a singlephase ac motor. The design showed good velocity tracking performance under both load and noload conditions. You are thinking that we can manage the speed or energy by using different type of resistor like variable resistor. It uses a pic microcontroller to convert a lowpower analog control signal to a pwm duty cycle which is amplified using a fullbridge to drive a motor. Apr 05, 2016 how to control speed of dc motor using pulse width moduation and duty cycle, how to change speed using variable voltage. The pic mcu has been programmed using flowcode software package and the.
Thus, the hex value that must be loaded into the appropriate ccapmn register is 42h. Jul 20, 2015 introduction the aim of developing this project is to control the speed of dc motor. Varying duty cycle signals are shown in the pic on the right side. Pulsewidth modulation pwm, or pulseduration modulation pdm, is a technique used to encode a message into a pulsing signal. To regulate the speed of a motor trough a simple potentiometer. Interfacing dc motor with 8051 microcontroller using l293d. As we have discussed earlier that proteus is a really good simulation software for beginners and 8051 is the most basic among all microcontroller so this. The pwm wave for speed control is generated using atmel at89c52. How to drive a motor from the microcontroller output quora.
Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. Pulsewidth modulation pwm or dutycycle variation methods are commonly used in speed control of dc motors. The block diagram of four quadrant dc motor speed control with 8051 microcontroller project is shown in the above figure. This tutorial is about dc motor speed control with a pic microcontroller using the pwm method. The major components in the above circuit diagram are at89c51 microcontroller and motor driver. The adaptive fuzzy controller designed and implemented in 1 is an alternative method of using microcontroller to control the speed of a dc motor. How to control speed of dc motor using pulse width moduation and duty cycle, how to change speed using variable voltage. Need some help in executing bldc motor speed control using pic 16f877 microcontroller 2 asynchronous bldc motor control 0 bldc motor control circuit 2 part and inventory search.
Dc motor speed regulation with a pwm feed back system. Apart from these techniques, pulse width modulation is the effective way to implement motor speed control. Programming the pic16f877a microcontroller for speed. Program to run a motor at different speeds using pulse width modulation pwm, controlled by a push button.
Dc motor and fan speed control using pic16f877 microcontroller. How to control dc motor speed using pwm on atmega32. Pdf pic microcontroller based speed control of three. Whereas you need around 400ma to 1a current to drive even a small dc motor. Pwm dc motor controller for microchip pic microcontrollers. The speed of rotation has to be controlled as well. Speed control of a three phase induction motor using pwm.
Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller the. Interfacing servo motor with pic microcontroller using mplab. With the help of pwm it is possible to control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily regulate the speed of the dc motor. Speed control of dc motor by pwm in proteus simulation. Speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse. It sounds like a shaded pole induction motor if so you need a vf speed control, triac circuit is likely to burn up or set the motor windings on fire due to stalling. This is a method to control the output voltage with the of constant frequency switching and by adjusting on duration of switching and in other words by changing duty cycle of switching. It is an enhanced version of the 89c51and incorporates many new features including the programmable counter array pca. Source from 123 pic microcontroller experiments for the evil genius myke predko. In this project dc motors speed is controlled by sending the command through pc. This video demostrate how to control the motor speed by pulse width modulation with the help of pic microcontroller. In this article im gonna show you one of the important applications of pwm in robotics, it is called pulse width modulation motor speed control the method of generation.
Pdf speed control of dc motor using microcontroller. Pwm speed control system of dc motor using microcontroller mcu. Pwm dc motor speed controller circuit using pic16f877a. By using pwm we can easily control the average power. This paper reports a microcontroller based control system to change the speed and direction of rotation of dc motor. Jan 20, 2016 dc motor speed control using pwm technique. Programming the pic16f877a microcontroller for speed control. Microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm technique conference paper pdf available december 2012 with 14,158 reads how we measure reads. In this article, we are going to learn how to control the speed of a dc motor using the pulse width modulation of a pic microcontroller. If you have already worked with servo motors you can skip the first half of this tutorial but if you are new to servo motor itself then continue reading.
The duty cycle is defined as the percentage of digital high to digital low plus digital high pulsewidth during a pwm period. The objective of developing this project is to control the speed of dc motor. Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller mikroc. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller 8051 pdf. Jan 26, 20 the motor about which i am talking is a dc series wound motor which is used as starter motor in automobiles. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using. The coils are activated, one phase after the other, by the drive. The desired speed can be obtained by changing the duty cycle. The main advantage in using a dc motor is that the speedtorque relationship can be varied to almost any useful form.
Interfacing servo motor with pic microcontroller using. Sep 22, 2018 the major components in the above circuit diagram are at89c51 microcontroller and motor driver. In our robotics applications we may have to control the speed of the dc motor. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using pwm. Arduino is directly connected to pc through the usb cable and command is given to arduino on serial monitor of the arduino ide. Four quadrant dc motor speed control with microcontroller. Dc motor speed control with arduino in proteus isis. Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller. Controlling the speed of dc motor can be done by different ways like using a potentiometer and also by a controlled current to the armature. Jul 09, 2016 the best method for speed control of dc motor is the use of pulse width modulation technique. Obviously with low pulse width, speed of motor gets reduced. But big question is that pwm use to control the speed of the motor. Pulse width modulation pwm with pic microcontroller.
The modulation of pulse width is obtained using pulse width generator in atmega16 microcontroller. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using. For example, it has applications in electric cars, trucks, and aircraft. Use the other pwm page this motor controller was designed for use as cheap, simple motor controller for brushed dc motors. This project is also cost effective, practical and safest way to save power. In this tutorial we will learn how to control servo motor with pic microcontroller. Pulse width modulation pwm technique is used where its signal is generated in microcontroller. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology. Pwm is an entirely different approach to controlling the speed of a dc motor.
Pic microcontroller based speed control of three phase induction motor using single phase supply conference paper pdf available february. The pwm signal will send to motor driver to vary the voltage supply to motor to. To achieve the speed control dac is used which generates voltages gradually according to. The pic16f877a microcontroller is programmed to generate two periodic pwm signals from its. Now this circuit has mainly two functions, first is to drive a dc motor from low power control signals and the other is to change the direction of rotation of dc motor. This section will detail how to set up a simple program and circuit to control a motor using a pic microcontroller and pwm. The pwm signal will send to motor driver to vary the voltage supply to motor to maintain at constant speed. Controlling dc motor using microcontroller pic16f72 with. The microcontroller cannot provide this current, and the motor will run slowly a. Dc motor speed control using pwm of pic microcontroller. An n channel logic level mosfet in a low side configuration is driven by the pic to control the output power to the motor. In this application note we will see how a module can be programmed to perform as a pwm to control the speed. Bldc motor used has a maximum rpm of 120 and maximum voltage of 12v. The first thing you need is a pic microcontroller set up to convert an analog input to a pwm signal.
If you want a speed controlled fan, use a dc brushless fan with speed control input. This paper presents a design, simulation and implementation of pulse width modulation pwm speed control system of dc motor using microcontroller mcu. Pdf this paper presents a design, simulation and implementation of pulse width modulation pwm speed control system of dc motor using microcontroller. There are many applications of dc motors, where we need a variable speed of dc motor. Circuit of microcontrollerbased dc motor speed controller d c motor speed controllers are very useful for controlling the motion of robotic and industrial automation systems. The output current through a io pin in a typical microcontroller cannot exceed 4050 ma.
Pdf bidirectional speed control of dc motor based on. Here, the motor driver input pins in1, in2 are connected to the p3. A dc brushless motor uses a permanent magnet external rotor, three phase of driving coils, one or more hall effect devices are used to sense the position of rotor, and the associated drive electronics. Bidirectional speed control of dc motor based on pulse width modulation. Speed control of brushless dc motor using microcontroller. Introduction the aim of developing this project is to control the speed of dc motor. Now how to use this controller output to change the pwm duty of my mcu. Now in the above project, i have used ir2110 using which i have controlled the speed of dc motor. Apr 10, 2017 speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller. If you have worked with any variant of the 8051 microcontroller, you might remember that 8051 doesnt have a dedicated pwm circuitry to enable pwm mode. The only type of ac motor you can control with a triac is a universal ie brushed motor.
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